Penalty Shootout Probability Calculator

Calculate each team's probability of winning a penalty shootout based on historical conversion rates

Shootout Setup

Enter each team's penalty conversion rate (%). World average is ~75%.

Team A

Team B

Conversion Rate Reference
Average international~75–78%
Elite specialist85%+
World Cup 2022 avg74.1%
Euro 2020 avg73.2%

Win Probabilities

Enter both teams' conversion rates to calculate

This is what your result will look like

A penalty shootout is decided by each team taking up to five kicks from the penalty spot. If the scores are level after five kicks each, the shootout continues with sudden death, one kick at a time, until one team is ahead after an equal number of kicks. The chance of winning depends heavily on each team's penalty conversion rate — the percentage of penalties they actually score.

The maths behind this uses something called the binomial distribution. By working out every possible combination of scores for both teams after 5 kicks each, we can add up the chances of each outcome: Team A wins, Team B wins, or it goes to sudden death. In sudden death, each round only has three results — A scores and B misses (A wins), B scores and A misses (B wins), or both score or both miss (it continues).

At international level, real-world conversion rates average around 74-78%. Teams with specialist penalty takers and strong mental preparation tend to do noticeably better than that average.

World avg conversion
~75–78%
Equal teams (75%)
~50/50 each
Sudden death odds
~8% at 75% each
Avg penalties taken
~9–11 total
Formula
Binomial distribution
First-kick advantage
~60% win rate
1
Team names: Optionally enter team names for a personalised display.
2
Conversion rates: Enter each team's historical or estimated penalty conversion rate as a percentage (e.g. 75 = 75%).
3
Calculate: See each team's win probability, expected goals in 5 kicks, and probability across rounds.

Win Probability by Conversion Rate Difference

  • Both teams 75%: Equal — approximately 46% each, 8% sudden death
  • 80% vs 70%: Small edge — ~55% vs ~40%
  • 85% vs 65%: Clear edge — ~65% vs ~30%
  • 90% vs 60%: Large edge — ~73% vs ~23%
Source: Jordet G. et al. (2007) Kicks from the penalty mark in soccer, Psychology of Sport and Exercise; Palacios-Huerta I. (2014) Beautiful Game Theory; FIFA World Cup statistics database 2022

Penalty shootouts have decided some of the biggest matches in football history, including multiple World Cup and Euro knockout games, so understanding the odds helps explain why a "50-50" shootout is rarely actually 50-50 once real conversion rates are factored in.

This is also a huge part of how national teams prepare for major tournaments now. Coaches study conversion rates, kicker order, and goalkeeper tendencies in detail, because even a small edge in conversion rate translates into a real shift in win probability once the maths is worked through.

For fans, knowing how the odds actually work changes how you watch a shootout — a team with a slightly weaker average conversion rate isn't doomed, but going first and having reliable takers in the pressure spots (like kicks 1, 2, and 5) genuinely moves the numbers in a team's favour.

Yes — going first gives a real, measurable edge, with teams that kick first winning around 60% of shootouts. The pressure on the second team is higher, since they're always responding to what the first team just scored. Some research suggests placing your best takers in kicks 1, 2, and 5, since those are usually the highest-pressure spots.

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